Challenges of women space in Masjids | SoundVision.com

Challenges of women space in Masjids

Women praying jummah at the Islamic Society of Akron & Kent

Last Friday, I was all set to give a Khutba about the need for Muslims to plan ahead on an individual and community level. My notes were ready and I was in full "Khutba mode". But before sermon time, I decided to change the topic completely -- to talk about the exclusion of Muslim women from the mosque and community life.

It wasn't an earth-shattering event that made me change the topic. It was an email. And it proved to be the proverbial straw that broke the camel's back. It was one of five emails I received last week about Islamic events with a clear "brothers only" statement. One notice for a regional conference even stated categorically that there was no space for women and children under 15 at the event.

But the emails were only part of the story. A week before, I had given a Khutba in another, brand-new mosque in the heart of Chicago. After the prayer, while in the elevator, I overheard four Muslim sisters speaking angrily about their experience in the Masjid.

"If I wanted to watch TV, I'd stay home," said one of the women, disgusted. I asked them what was wrong, and they told me how they could only see the Imam through a TV system set up in the women's section. Moreover, the space was inconvenient, uncomfortable and was changed twice that day. This was despite the fact that months ago, the leadership of this mosque had promised me that they would involve sisters in decision-making about how the women's space would be set up.

The Khutba

I was speaking in Chicago's oldest mosque where the main prayer hall accommodates about a thousand people. It has a small, curtained off space in the corner for about 40 or so women. Due to the sensitive nature of my topic, it did occur to me before the Khutba that I might not be invited to give a Friday sermon there in the future. Nonetheless, I made the following points and asked these questions:

Who decides how women's space in the mosque is allocated and organized?

How many women sit on the Board of Directors of our mosques?

If women are part of the Board of Directors, are they elected, chosen by women, selected by both men and women or are they simply the wives of male board members?

I also reminded the audience that in the Prophet's mosque, women could hear and see the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings are upon him, and later, the leaders of the Muslims (Khulafa) when they spoke from the pulpit. Actually there are reports of interaction with the Prophet when women raised questions. Caliph Omar even went back to give another sermon to withdraw his opinion when a women from the audience gave him critical feedback after his Khutba.

Moreover, when the Prophet felt that the women were too far away to hear or he had specific points to make, he would walk over to their section and present a Khutba for them.

Examples from Islamic history

Women in early Islamic history were active not just as "mothers and wives" but contributed as individual Muslim women in all aspects of the community.

On a scholarly level, there was Aisha, may God be pleased with her. She is credited with disseminating the knowledge of Islam and information about almost all aspects of Islamic life. Today, nearly half of the Islamic jurisprudence of the Hanafi school of thought (which is followed by about 70 percent of the Muslim world) comes through the students of Aisha alone.

On a political level, there was Umm Salama. During the signing of the Treaty of Hudaibiya, when none of the Muslim men agreed to forego Hajj due to the demands of the pagan Meccans, the Prophet consulted Umm Salama. Her advice to him was to perform the rituals indicating that they would not be performing the pilgrimage, and the Muslims would follow. He heeded her advice, and as she suggested, the Muslims accepted this.

After the death of the Prophet, one major issue was how to preserve the authenticity of the Quran. Although the Quran had always been committed to memory and writing, the written pages were scattered. When a master copy was put together at the time of the first Khalifa, Abu Bakr, that copy was not kept with him or any other Muslim man. It was kept with a woman -- Hafsa (may God be pleased with her).

Finally, in Madina during the leadership of Omar (may God be pleased with him) Al Shifa Bint Abdullah was made in charge of trade and commerce in the city.

These are just a few examples of the dynamic role women played in early Islamic history. But they are of no use if the inclusion of Muslim women in the mosque and community is reflected only in theory.

"Men's Islam" or Islam for All

While sisters are a full part of the community, many mosques are run as though Islam is just for men. This is evident by looking at women's spaces, their decoration, their uncomfortable size and design, the absence of women from the Board of Directors of most mosques and the relegation of their activism and ideas to a "women's committee".

Muslim women in North America are as professional as Muslim men and contribute as generously. I remember fundraising in a New Jersey Masjid. Five Muslim women contributed $25,000 each within the first 12 minutes. It inspired me to ask the audience: is there a man who can match these donations?

And that's how women's participation is. They know they will not get to Jannah because of the good deeds of their husbands. Each man and women has to find his or her own way to success in this world and next, knowing that God's promise is this:

"I will deny no man or woman among you the reward of their labors. You are the offspring of one another." (Quran 3:195).

"Each person shall reap the fruits of his/her own deeds: no soul shall bear another's burden." (Quran 6:164)

The Reaction to the Khutba

Normally, two or three people will approach me after a Khutba to thank and compliment me for it. This time, ten times more people came over, appreciating what I had said, Alhamdu lillah. That's one of the most positive instances of feedback I've ever gotten in years of giving Khutbas! Although I have yet to hear the response from the leadership of the Masjid, this gives me hope that the community is ready for change.

A few board members also spoke very positively about the points I raised, including one of the founding members. The question is, who is stopping the change?

Current Chicago Masjid Spaces for Women

In Chicago, I estimate that in about ten percent of the Friday prayer locations, there is proper space for sisters' participation. In these places men and women are in the same location without a curtain or wall separating them. In terms of the remaining 80 percent of mosques that do have a space for women, these are often cramped and inconvenient. By inconvenient, I mean that women cannot see the Imam or do not know what is happening in the congregational prayer. In about 10 percent of the Chicago-area mosques there are no spaces for women.

One Muslim sister in the city related to me her experience after visiting one of the largest mosques in Chicago that had an inconvenient room for women. When she entered the women's area, a group of sisters was standing in line, thinking prayer had started because the recitation of the Quran could be heard. Taking Quran recitation as a cue for congregational prayer, the sister joined the others in line. After several minutes, when the man ended his recitation without calling for the next step of prayer, Ruku, the women learned that it was not a prayer. Needless to say, the women were humiliated and upset about this confusing situation. This is just an example of the practical problems this segregation in prayer places causes.

An additional problem in mosques where women cannot see the Imam is the fact that the noise level often becomes unacceptable. This tends to be because most men dump the responsibility for taking care of their active children on their wives when they go to the men's section of mosque. Also, since women can't see what's going on, they end up talking to each other. This leads to the Imam asking women to "be quiet please," furthering tension and exclusion.

When women are out of sight, it's also more likely that they will be out of mind. That means their discourse and participation are ignored on a Masjid and community level. Moreover, few women have easy access to the Imam, which worsens the problem, since the Imam is the one man who can make a significant difference in bringing women's issues and problems to the attention of other Muslim men in the community. This perhaps explains why you don't normally hear many Khutbas on women's challenges here in America or abroad.

Negative Dawa

The situation becomes worse when non- Muslims visit. They see there are hardly any women present in the mosque. Or, if there are a few, they are confined to a small and less ceremonious corner. What kind of Dawa is this? What kind of impression does this give in our current context, where the battle against stereotypes is ten times harder than it was pre-9/11 America? This visual impact is far greater and far more lasting then tens of books lauding the status of women in Islam. Since Shahadah (witnessing) is the first pillar of Islam, this obstacle to outreach must be dealt with.

Of course, women, unlike men, are given a choice by the Prophet to pray at home or in the mosque. But the Prophet was categorical in telling men "do not stop women from coming to the Masjid." Friday prayers are also optional for women. But considering that Friday sermons are the only Islamic educational opportunity available to most women in the North America Muslim women should attend Friday prayers. This is especially important because we do not yet have a widespread tradition of female teachers, as is the case in the Muslim world. I am pretty sure Caliph Omar would have encouraged Friday prayer attendance by women if he was alive today in the United States, may God be pleased with him.

Who is stopping women from the Masjid

Knowing both of these Masjids, their volunteer leadership, and the fact that women are on their boards, I don't think either of them stops women from attending and participating. The first Masjid's president did make an announcement twice in front of me inviting women to visit the new location to help determine the sisters' space. I think, perhaps, need sisters taking these issues more seriously instead of accepting the current situation.

In the second Masjid, I learned that some sisters prefer to pray behind a curtain. An easy solution could be to make a larger area where women who do not want a curtain between the men and women, as was the practice in the mosque of the Prophet, can pray. Behind them, women who are comfortable praying behind a curtain can do this.

With lower donations as a result of donor chasing by the FBI, extra expenses for security and legal battles, which six or seven Masjids in the Chicago-area are going through, the last thing on the mind of Muslim leadership is women's space. About 80 percent of the Masjids in the Chicago area do not have any permanent Imam. Volunteers like me are asked to offer the Friday sermon on a rotational basis. Almost all of these Masjids' leaders are busy professionals who volunteer their time to run the community centers, schools and Masjids. Unless someone is pushing for something, things will continue as they have been.

This is why I have come to the conclusion that the agenda of women's space will not come to the forefront unless Muslim women take it upon themselves.

Establishing a Muslim Women's Caucus

It is time that sisters come together and provide leadership in clearly defining a Muslim women's manifesto for change in mosques in North America. If these sisters are practicing Muslims, they will have a far higher level of success in demanding change and leading it.

I would like to make a plea to leading Muslim women in North America who are respected and honored by the community to call a national women's caucus on these issues. In this conference, the following things need to be discussed and tackled:

1. An agenda outlining change in the Muslim community centers and Masjids in which

  • Each Masjid should formally declare that it is unIslamic to stop women from attending a mosque
  • The need to restore women's space in the mosque as it was at the Prophet's time (i.e. without a curtain or a wall separating men and women) is stressed
  • Develop a welcoming space where they have a clear view of the Imam

2. One-third of Masjids' Board of Directors should be composed of sisters, one-third of brothers, and one-third of people born in North America.

3. A mechanism for an ongoing Muslim Women's Caucus needs to be developed

On the issue of women's exclusion from the mosque, this Muslim Women's Caucus may want to do the following:

  • Invite the leadership of major mosques, as well as national and continental Muslim organizations to a closed-door dialogue with an equal number of Muslim women leaders present.
  • Give a deadline to all Masjids that do not have a space for women to allocate one in consultation with women.
  • If space is extremely limited and there is no cultural and ideological objection to it, then allocate time for additional congregational prayer for women lead by women as was done by Umm Waraqa with the Prophet's permission when she lead her staff regularly in prayers in her own home as reported by Sahih Abu Dawud. (If thousands of women lead other women in prayers throughout Pakistan, it can be done in a mosque here as well).

Shura (consultation) has been a way of life for Muslims (42:38). If our families and our communities are not run on Shura, open communication and proper representation, how will we grow?

"The true believers, both men and women, are friends to each other. They enjoin what is just and forbid what is evil; they attend to their prayers and pay the alms and obey God and His apostle. On these God will have mercy. He is Mighty and Wise." (Quran 7:71)

Photo Attribution:  Beth Rankin (BohPhoto)  -  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Islamic_Society_of_Akron_%26_Kent_-_women_jummah_prayer.jpg

Comments

Twisted Understanding this is, dear Imam.
Women were allowed in the masjid during the time of Rasulullah (salla Allahu alaihi wa sallam), but after his passing, senior sahabah told women not to come to the masjid due to the fitna it would cause.
In fact, Sayyidah Aisha (radiya Allahu anha) said that were her husband to see the fitna after his time, he would have banned Muslim women coming to the mosque just like it was banned for the Bani Israel women.
If in the era of khairul quroon, there was this much fitna, just imagine our time.
I sincerely ask that Allah (swt) guides you.

preventing women from coming to mosques just because of their not dressing correctly and this may bring temptations and fitnah is not actually right acc to my opinion because in masjid ul haram brothers have to face sisters too no segregation you see.only way it is good for men to lower the gaze and together with educating

women

women to do proper dressing especially it gives an greater impact if any muslim brother finds wrongly dressed women

Location

saudi arabia (india)

Your message is through, masha Allah. I'm a student at Harvard Divinity School, and I used your article to highlight the importance of the role of women in the community. I was able to pin the problem, the root cause and had a solution in front of me. So, job well done. Allah barik fee.

Location

McKinney, TX

We are currently facing the same problem in the UK.A particular Borough in London has more than 60 Masjids and only 6 of them have facilities for women and where they exist,the ratio to that of men is like 1:10.This is very disgraceful and needs to be addressed because some men believe that women have no role to play in the Masjids and that they should only be heard and not seen

Location

Peace to all! Glad to hear from a male muslim who actually reads the Qur'an with an open mind, and when he sees injustice, speaks up about it! We are all supposed to uphold the commandments and principles given to the Prophet by God, in the Qur'an. This treatment of women in the masjids is despicable; and women, it's our turn to speak. God willing

Location

This is such an excellent and timely article. We have several mosques in the area. I've been to four so far, and only one had sufficient space for women -- in fact, there was an area for women with small children downstairs, and then an upstairs area for all the women who wanted a quiet space and to be able to see the imam or current speaker. At another local mosque, they're building a new facility -- but the women's space in that mosque is scarcely larger than the current one, even though the women and all of their running, screaming, squirming, crying children spill out into the hallway and sometimes beyond. It is not a good atmosphere for prayer or reflection, so I've quit going there. Even when I talk with the other women -- even converts! -- they are so against sharing prayer space with men. I just want to have a choice, not be forced into a small, dark room because I have no other option if I want to pray at the mosque! It's definitely frustrating, and the constant confusion of Arab/Pakistani/etc culture for religious practice is infuriating. I feel like I'm swimming against a tide of people where women accept that they "must" give up their names, their native language, their own culture and style of dress in favor of the Arab status quo -- and this includes accepting segregation in the mosque as a "rule" of Islam (when there is no such rule).

Location

Alhamdudillah! Thank you so much for addressing this situation. In our local masjids, the interaction between men and women and the lower quality of the women's situation is horrible. Inshallah more people, men and women, will more ready for change.

Location

N/A

In Malaysia, every Mosque have partition that are movable according to requirements. Ladies like fully covered partitions or curtains, as they would prefer privacy during the prayer time, and as they wish to relax off prayer time. There are not enough room for male worshippers during Jum aah time. Hence ladies do not come during Jum aah time. They will wait outside or in their vehicles and walk into the Masjids after the Jum aah prayers.Aboobucker

Location

Kuala lumpur

I feel like the maasjid is no place for me. I just don't go anymore. Never would I bring any woman who is interested in Islam to this place. My associates are educated, intelligent, women who would be appalled at being relegated to such back rooms with babies crying, toddlers running, and other such distractions. Is my prayer less important? Do I deserve unfinished, dirty wood floors for three years while the brothers pray in what looks like a museum? Had I encountered Muslims, masjids, and the indignities women suffer in the community before taking shahaada, only Allah knows, but I seriously doubt I would be a Muslim today. As it stands, I feel there is no place for women like me. Women who are strong, intelligent, confident, independent thinkers with a voice. So many of us have largely withdrawn from the community. But what of our children? If mama is not there, and happy to be there, what will happen to the next generation? Even for sisters and brothers who are satisfied with the status quo, your children are growing up in a culture that is not yours. How many of them will we lose by continuing this discrimination against half of the community? I just can't take it anymore. I think there are MANY lessons we can take from those churches that have systems established that FULLY integrate women and children by valuing their contributions and recognizing and attending to their needs.

Location

Houston, TX

@Denis: dear friend let me put it in a simple term for your small limited knowledge. I have around five friends who owns BMW 760i, one has got jammed bumper, another one has stinking interior, another one has tore leather seats, another one has starting trouble and its goes on.... Do you blame BMW company for this or the owner of the CAR. Hope you got the point. All that you mentioned above is human problems, its not problem of Islam. Don't mix errors of followers with Islam. Read it with open heart I will bet you, nothing to lose everything to gain.

Location

Dubai

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